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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
The custom of paying a bride price before marriage is still a well-established part of many African cultures. In paying a bride price, the family of the groom must provide payment to the family of the bride before the marriage is allowed. The bride price can vary greatly from culture to culture in Africa. In the Zulu and Swazi tribes of southern Africa, the bride price often takes the form of cattle. In Western African, kola nuts, shells, and other goods are often used for the payment of the bride price. The actual payment of money sometimes takes place, but the payment of goods is more frequent. The amount of paid in a bride price can also vary. In modern times, the bride price is occasionally quite small and its value is mainly symbolic. However, the bride price can still be quite high, especially among prominent or highly traditional families.
There are a number of justifications used to explain the payment of bride price. The first is that the bride price represents an acknowledgement of the expense the bride's family has gone in order to raise her and bring her up as a suitable bride for the groom. It also represents payment for the loss of a family member, since the bride will officially become a member of her husband's family and will leave her own. On a deeper level the bride price represents payment for the fact that the bride will bring children into the family of the groom, thereby increasing the wealth of the family. This concept is reinforced by the fact that the bride price must often be returned if the bride fails to bear children.
The payment of the bride price has quite a number of effects on African society. First, the payment of bride price acts to increase the stability of African family structures. Sons are dependent on their fathers and older relatives to help them pay the bride price of their wives, and this generally leads to greater levels of obedience and respect. The negotiations between the two families concerning the bride price allow the parents and other family members to meet and get to know one another before the marriage. Finally, since the bride price must often be repaid in case of divorce, the bride's family often works to make sure that any marital problems are solved quickly. Bride prices also work as a system of wealth distribution in African cultures. Wealthier families can afford to support the marriage of their son, and thus their wealth is transferred to other families.
According to paragraph 1, all of the following are true of the bride price EXCEPT ______.
Why does the author mention “the payment of money” in paragraph 1?
The word "prominent" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______.
The phrase "The first" in paragraph 2 refers to the first _________.
It can be inferred from the paragraph 2 that African families ________.
The author uses the word "marital" to indicate that the problems are related to ________.
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
Why are women often married to older men?
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentence in the following questions.
The guest on our show who has won the Opera. He is the youngest professional golfer that has won this award so far.
We arrived at the conference. Then we realized that our reports were still at home.
Mark the letter A,B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
Mr. Brown said to me "Make good use of your time. You wont get such an opportunity again."
Perhaps, the violence was provoked by the fans of the visiting team.
People say that Mr. Goldman gave nearly a million pounds to charity last year.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Most people indulge _________ harmless fantasies to relieve the boredom of their lives.
_______ they've already made their decision, there's nothing much we can do.
_________, the town does not get much of an ocean breeze.
We missed the ferry yesterday morning. It _________ by the time we arrived at the pier.
If the prisoners attempt to escape from prison, _________ immediately.
With its thousands of rocks and caves _________ out of the water, Ha Long Bay has won international recognition.
Is that the man _________.
His reply was so _________ that I didn't know how to interpret it.
Shelly disagreed with the board's decision. She _________ and went to work for another company.
As an ASEAN member, Vietnam has actively participated in the groups programs and has also created new _________ and cooperation mechanics.
Archaeologists think that massive floods could have _________ the dinosaurs.
I'm going on business for a week, so I'll be leaving everything _________.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrases that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
SPORTS IN SOCIETY
The position of sport in today's society has changed out of all recognition. People no longer seem to think of sports as ‘just a game’ - to be watched or played for the (26) _________ of enjoyment. Instead, it has become big business worldwide. It has become accepted practice for leading companies to provide sponsorship. TV companies pay large sums of money to screen important matches or competitions. The result has been huge rewards for athletes, some of (27) _________ are now very wealthy, particularly top footballers, golfers and tennis players.
(28) ________ , it is not unusual for some athletes to receive large fees on top of their salary, for advertising products or making personal appearances.
A trend towards shorter working hours means that people generally tend to have more free time, both to watch and to take in sporting activity; sport has become a significant part of the recreation industry that we now rely (29) _________ to fill our leisure hours. Professional sport is a vital part of that industry, providing for millions of (30) _________ people all over the world.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions
The police have concluded tentatively that the explosion was caused by a bom.
The palace was badly damaged by fire, but was eventually restored to its original spiendor.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
He was attentive as Betsy and I talked about our charity concert to help the victims of the recent floods.
My father hit the roof when he found that I'd damaged the car.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
Fruit and vegetables should be carefully washed whether eaten fresh or cook.
The Netherlands, with much of its land lying lower than sea level, have a system of dikes and canals for controlling water.
The symptoms of diabetes in the early stages are too slight that people do not notice them.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable respone to complete each of the following exchanges.
- Mary: “_______.” - Jane: "All right, suit yourself."
- Peter: "My parents gave me no choice but to study business."
- Danny: “_______.”
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
One of the most important social developments that helped to make possible a shift in thinking about the role of public education was the effect of the baby boom of the 1950's and 1960's on the schools. In the 1920's, but especially in the Depression conditions of the 1930's, the United States experienced a declining birth rate – every thousand women aged fifteen to forty-four gave birth to about 118 live children in 1920, 89.2 in 1930, 75.8 in 1936, and 80 in 1940. With the growing prosperity brought on by the Second World War and the economic boom that followed it, young people married and established households earlier and began to raise larger families than had their predecessors during the Depression. Birth rates rose to 102 per thousand in 1946, 106.2 in 1950, and 118 in 1955. Although economics was probably the most important determinant, it is not the only explanation for the baby boom. The increased value placed on the idea of the family also helps to explain this rise in birth rates. The baby boomers began streaming into the first grade by the mid-1940's and became a flood by 1950. The public school system suddenly found itself overtaxed. While the number of schoolchildren rose because of wartime and postwar conditions, these same conditions made the schools even less prepared to cope with the flood. The wartime economy meant that few new schools were built between 1940 and 1945. Moreover, during the war and in the boom times that followed large numbers of teachers left their profession for better-paying jobs elsewhere in the economy.
Therefore, in the 1950's and 1960's, the baby boom hit an antiquated and inadequate school system. Consequently, the "custodial rhetoric" of the 1930's and early 1940's no longer made sense; that is, keeping youths aged sixteen and older out of the labor market by keeping them in school could no longer be a high priority for an institution unable to find space and staff to teach younger children aged five to sixteen. With the baby boom, the focus of educators and of laymen interested in education inevitably turned toward the lower grades and back to basic academic skills and discipline. The system no longer had much interest in offering nontraditional, new, and extra services to older youths.
What does the passage mainly discuss?
The word "it" in paragraph refers to _________.
The word "overtaxed" in line 14 is closest in meaning to _________.
The public school of the 1950's and 1960's faced all of the following problems EXCEPT _________.
According to the passage, why did teachers leave the teaching profession after the outbreak of the war?
The word "inevitably" in parapraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________.
Which of the following best characterizes the organization of the passage?
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