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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Mass media is communication-whether written, broadcast, or spoken-that reaches a large audience. This includes television, radio, advertising, movies, the Internet newspapers, magazines, and so forth.
Mass media is a significant force in modern culture, particularly in America. Sociologists refer to this as a mediated culture where media reflects and creates the culture. Communities and individuals are bombarded constantly with messages from a multitude of sources including TV, billboards, and magazines, to name a few. These messages promote not only products, but moods, attitudes, and a sense of what is and is not important. Mass media makes possible the concept of celebrity: without the ability movies, magazines, and news media to reach across thousands of miles people could not become famous. In fact, only political and business leaders, as well as the few notorious outlaws, were famous in the past. Only in recent times have actors, singers, and other social elites become celebrities or stars.
The current level of media saturation has not always existed. As recently as the 1960s and 1970s and 1970s, television, for example, consisted of primarily three networks, public broadcasting, and a few local independent stations. These channels aimed their programming primarily at two-parent, middle-class families. Even so, some middle-class households did not even own a television. Today, one can find a television in the poorest of homes, and multiple TVs in most middle-class homes. Not only has availability increased, but programming is increasingly diverse with shows aimed to please all ages. incomes, backgrounds, and attitudes. This widespread availability and exposure makes television the primary focus of most mass-media discussions More recently, the Internet has increased its role exponentially as more businesses and households sign on Although TV and the Internet have dominated the mass media, movies and magazines-particularly those lining the aisles at grocery checkout stands-also play a powerful role in culture, as do other forms of media
What role does mass media play? Legislatures, media executives, local school officials. and sociologists have all debated this controversial question. While opinions vary as to the extent and type of influence the mass media wields, all sides agree that mass media is a permanent part of modern culture. Three main sociological perspectives on the role of media exist: the limited-effects theory, the class-dominant theory, and the culturalist theory.
The word "bombarded" is closest in meaning to ……………
Which is NOT TRUE, according to the text?
According to the text, what is the center of attention of most mass-media discussions?
What does the word "those” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
It can be inferred from the text that………….
Which phrase from the text means "If movies, magazines, and news media were not able thousands of miles"?
What is considered a mediated culture by sociologists?
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges
Jane and David are university students. They are talking about the result of the history test. (Select the most suitable response to fill in the blank.)
- Jane : "I was worried about the history result, but Ms.White gave me an Al"
- David: “................ ”
Two friends are talking about the benefits of volunteering.
- Mary: "As far as I know, doing charity Work is a really helpful thing for everyone in the society"
- Kate: "................"
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions
................ the homework, he was allowed to go out with his friends.
The family is selling their large country house because they can no longer afford the .................
Our solar system is in a galaxy................ the Milky Way.
By the time he is twenty, he………… the novel.
The situation of COVID-19 worldwide is still serious, ................?
Earning money has always been the thing that pleases him most. ................ he becomes, ................ he is.
George was wearing ................ at the wedding.
It is easier to understand new words when they are used in their proper .................
Daisy really liked ................ dress that her boyfriend gave her last week.
“This seems to be an important issue.” -“Oh, yes. It’s a ................ topic.”
The students were slow to catch................, but gradually they began to understand.
He turned off the lights before going out ................ waste electricity.
My grandfather was ................ up in France, so he could speak French very well.
The manager is good at ................ difficult customers.
............... in Rome than he was kidnapped.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions
Overeating is a cause of several deadly diseases. Physical inactivity is another cause of several deadly diseases.
Jane didn’t apply for the job in that factory. She regrets it now.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions
Find the mistake: The result of the studies have had a strong impact on future developments.
Find the mistake: Some methods to prevent soil erosion are plowing parallel with the slopes of hills, to plant trees on unproductive land, and rotating crops.
Find the mistake: The field of Artificial Intelligence research was found at a workshop held on the campus of Dartmouth College during the summer of 1956.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions
Mark the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s): Lunar years were inconvenient for agricultural purposes.
Mark the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s): Don't get angry with such a thing. It's only a storm in a tea cup.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
In China, palaces, temples and houses were built around a series of courtyards, which might include trees and plants often in pots that could be changed with the seasons and pools. The Imperial City in Beijing contained elaborate pleasure gardens with tree artificial lakes and small hills, bridges and spectator areas.
Japan has a long tradition of gardens inspired by Chinese and Korean models. In former times, palaces, temples, teahouses and private houses all had garden settings that were closely integrated with the buildings. Kyoto was especially famous for its gardens. The gardens included pools and waterfalls; rocks, stone and sand; and evergreens. They might also contain stone lanterns and sculptures and wooden bridges, gates and pavilions. Every element of a garden was carefully planned, sometimes by Zen monks and painters, to create an effect of restraint, harmony and peace, which is exemplified by the existing Katsura Detached Palace gardens in Kyoto. Such traditions continue to some extent in modern Japan and have influenced Western landscape architects.
The Imperial City in Beijing ................
The existing Katsura Detached Palace gardens in Kyoto ................
Most palaces, temples and houses in China in former times ................
What is the best title for the passage?
The garden settings of buildings in Japan ................
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions
Mark the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation: threat, clean, beach, creature
Mark the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation: planted, naked, looked, landed
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions
Although the weather changed, the picnic went ahead as planned.
Jack hasn’t been swimming for five years.
I advise you to think carefully before accepting William’s offer.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word which differs from the other three in the position of the main stress in each of the following questions
Mark the word which differs from the other three in the position of the main stress: refusal, industry, butterfly, reference
Mark the word which differs from the other three in the position of the main stress: constant, connect, contain, construct
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions
Mark the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s): A.I. algorithms can also help to detect faces and other features in photo sent to social networking sites and automatically organize them.
Mark the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s): The breakdown of the ozone layer surrounding the Earth correlates with the increased occurrence of skin cancer.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks
George Simmel, one of pioneers in German sociology, __( 46 )___a pioneer in urban sociology, suggesting that the increased concentration and diversity of people and ongoing activities in city puts urbanites under stress (a cognitive overload). This is considered the major __( 47 )__ of urban mentality-detachment from others, self-centeredness, and rational calculating mind. This understanding of urban life and urbanites are closely related to the understanding of modern society by Ferdinand Tonnies and Max Weber, two of Simmel’s close contemporaries. Louis Wirth, a member of Chicago school, followed Simmel and wrote __( 48 )__ the most frequently-citied paper on urbanism “Urbanism as a way of life,” in 1938. His writing on the urbanism on mentality and life style __( 49 )__ illustrative, compared to the definition of urbanism but among the suggested are relaxed moral restrains, increased participation in formal organization pursuing limited goals (as opposed to belonging to a community), increased role of mediated communication. Both are more or less in line of social atomism, the view that modern society disintegrates communities __( 50 )__ a group of individuals.
__( 46 )___
__( 47 )___
__( 48 )___
__( 49 )___
__( 50)___
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